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Bayesian Network Parameter Learning with EM Algorithm: Utilizing Expectation–Maximization for Hidden Variable Inference in Graphical Probabilistic Models

Bayesian Networks are widely used probabilistic models that represent complex relationships among variables using directed acyclic graphs. They are especially valuable in domains where uncertainty, incomplete data, or hidden factors play a significant role. One of the central challenges in working with Bayesian Networks...

The Human Lens of Intelligent Systems: Technology as a Companion for Social Progress

Imagine intelligence not as a blinking server hidden in a data center, but as a lantern carried through a dark forest. This lantern does not shine on everything at once. Instead, it casts light where it is most needed. Artificial intelligence, when guided with...

Maximum Likelihood Inference Convergence: Why Estimators March Toward the Truth as Data Grows

In statistical modelling, the journey toward truth often resembles navigating through a dense forest with a lantern that becomes brighter as you collect more information. The glow begins dim, revealing little. With every new observation, the path clears, shapes become sharper, and uncertainty dissolves....

Spot Fake Roulette “RNG Patterns” Using 3 Quick Checks

You can’t “see” a real roulette RNG’s pattern in a handful of spins, but you can spot many fake or misleading “RNG pattern” claims (and some rigged demos) by running three quick checks: (1) look for impossible precision (exact cycles, repeating blocks, too-perfect balances),...

How to Make an AI Video with No Editing Experience

How to Make an AI Video with No Editing Experience In an era where visual storytelling dominates communication, creating compelling videos no longer requires years of honing skills behind a camera or software suite. Artificial intelligence has democratized the process, allowing anyone—even those without a...

Asynchronous I/O Models: Mastering Epoll, Kqueue, and IOCP for High-Performance Servers

The Orchestra Behind High-Speed Servers Imagine a grand orchestra performing a complex symphony. Each instrument contributes its sound at the perfect moment, yet no musician waits idly for another to finish. This harmony—each player knowing when to act without blocking the others—is precisely how asynchronous...